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Inter-individual changes in cortical bone three-dimensional microstructure and elastic coefficient have opposite effects on radial sound speed
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nowledge about simultaneous contributions of tissue microstructure and elastic properties on ultrasound speed in cortical bone is limited. In a previous study, porosities and elastic coefficients of cortical bone in human femurs were shown to change with age. In the present study, influences of inter-individual and site-dependent variation in cortical bone microstructure and elastic properties on radial speed of sound (SOS; at 4, 6, and […]

Ultrasound Arthroscopy of Human Knee Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in Vivo
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Arthroscopic ultrasound imaging enables quantitative evaluation of articular cartilage. However, the potential of this technique for evaluation of subchondral bone has not been investigated in vivo. In this study, we address this issue in clinical arthroscopy of the human knee (n = 11) by determining quantitative ultrasound (9 MHz) reflection and backscattering parameters for cartilage and subchondral bone. Furthermore, in […]

Effect of porosity, tissue density, and mechanical properties on radial sound speed in human cortical bone
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of simultaneous changes in cortical porosity, tissue mineral density, and elastic properties on radial speed of sound (SOS) in cortical bone. The authors applied quantitative pulse‐echo (PE) ultrasound techniques that hold much potential especially for screening of osteoporosis at primary healthcare facilities. Currently, most […]

Phased-array ultrasound technology enhances accuracy of dual frequency ultrasound measurements – towards improved ultrasound bone diagnostics
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Overlying soft tissues attenuate ultrasound backscattered from bone, complicating diagnostics of osteoporosis at the most important fracture sites. Dual-frequency ultrasound technique (DFUS) has been proposed to solve this problem through determination of thickness and composition of overlying soft tissue. This study applies DFUS technique for the first time with a phased-array transducer to investigate if […]

Collagen and Chondrocyte Concentrations Control Ultrasound Scattering in Agarose Scaffolds
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Ultrasound imaging has been proposed for diagnostics of osteoarthritis and cartilage injuries in vivo. However, the specific contribution of chondrocytes and collagen to ultrasound scattering in articular cartilage has not been systematically studied. We investigated the role of these tissue structures by measuring ultrasound scattering in agarose scaffolds with varying collagen and chondrocyte concentrations. Ultrasound catheters with […]

Valistava vintti
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“Jos mies on ollut naimisissa joitakuita vuosia, mutta jota kuitenkin yhä edelleen, useat kerrat päivässä, kiusaavat mielettömät sukupuoliärsytykset, aina, niin pian kuin hän sattuu kiinnittämään huomionsa viehättävään vaimoonsa, joka hänet tällöin saattaa hurmioon, silloin asianomaisen miehen nähtävästi olisi altistuttava lääkärintutkimukseen.” Tämän koukerokielisen ohjeen kohtasin lehteillessäni ullakkotalkoiden tauolla tohtori Marie Stopesin kirjaa vuodelta 1928. On tullut […]